anastasya-bednayanastya.MyForum.ro Fa-ti si tu propriul forum, pe www.myforum.ro!    FAQ   Cautare   Membri   Grupuri   Inregistrare   Profil   Mesaje private   Autentificare  Gatchina          Pagina de start a forumului anastasya-bednayanastya.MyForum.ro -> Date istorice / Historical data Subiectul anterior :: Subiectul urmator   Autor Mesaj utzy Administrator Data inscrierii: 02/Dec/2010 Mesaje: 26131 Trimis: 05/12/2010 02:38    Titlul subiectului: Gatchina Gatchina [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/196/parkfacade.jpg/][/URL] Gatchina (Russian: Га́тчина, Finnish: Hatsina) is a city in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located 45 km south of St. Petersburg by the road leading to Pskov. Population: 88,420 (2002 Census); 79,714 (1989 Census). It is part of the World Heritage Site Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments. Khotchino (old name of Gatchina) was first documented in 1499, a village in possession of Novgorod the Great, Russia. In the 17th century, in a series of wars, it passed to Livonia, then to Sweden, and was returned to Russia during the Northern War. At that time, Gatchina was a southern vicinity of the new Russian capital, St. Petersburg. In 1708 Gatchina was given by Peter the Great. to his sister Natalia Alekseevna, and after her death, Peter founded an Imperial Hospital and Apothecary here. In 1765, Catherine the Great bought Gatchina with suburban 20 villages, then she granted it to her favourite General Count Orlov. Between 1766 and 1788 Count Orlov built a sombre castle with 600 rooms and laid out an extensive English landscape park over 7 square kilometres, with adjacent zoo and a horse farm. A triumphal arch was erected to a design by the architect of Gatchina, Antonio Rinaldi (1771, built 1777-82), forming a monumental entrance, the gift of Catherine The Great to Count Orlov for his efforts during a recent outbreak of plague at Moscow. The Gatchina Palace was expanded several times by several imperial owners. Rococo interiors were designed by Rinaldi and Vincenzo Brenna and executed by Italian stuccoworkers and Russian craftsmen. Interiors were highlighted with parquetry floors, painted ceilings, and distinctly Italian furniture/ Imperial residence The Empress took such a great liking of the Gatchina Palace and park that at Orlov's death in 1783 she bought it from his heirs and presented it to her son, the future Emperor Paul I. Paul I was the owner of Gatchina for eighteen years. He invested much resources as well as used his experience from his travels around Europe to make Gatchina an exemplary town and residence. During the 1790s, Paul expanded and rebuilt much of the palace, and renovated palatial interiors in the sumptuous Neoclassical style (illustration, left). Paul I graced the park with numerous additions, bridges, gates, and pavilions, such as "The Isle of Love" , "The Private garden", "The Holland garden" and "The Labyrinth" among many other additions. In November 1796, following the death of his mother, Catherine the Great, Paul became Emperor Paul I of Russia, and granted Gatchina the status of the Imperial City - official residence of the Russian Emperors. A remarkable monument of Paul's reign is Priory Palace[8] on the shore of the Negru Lake. Constructed for the Russian Grand Priory of the Order of St John, it was presented to the Order by a decree of Paul I of Russia dated August 23, 1799. After Paul's death the grand palace and park were owned by his widow, Maria Feodorovna, from 1801 to 1828. Then Emperor Nicholas I was the owner from 1828 to 1855. He made the most significant expansion of the palaces and parks, adding the Arsenal Halls to the main palace. The Arsenal Halls served as the summer residence of Tsar Nicholas I and his court. In 1851, Tsar Nicholas I opened the monument to his grandfather, Paul I, in front of the Gatchina Palace. In 1854 the railroad between St. Petersburg and Gatchina was opened. At that time the city of Gatchina's territory was expanded by incorporation of several villages and vicinity. Alexander II of Russia used Gatchina Palace as his second residence. He built a hunting village and other additions for his Imperial Hunting Crew, and turned the areas south of Gatchina into his retreat, where the Tsar and his guests could indulge in living country-style among unspoiled wilderness and woods of north-western Russia. Alexander II made updates and renovations in the Main Gatchina Palace. Alexander III of Russia made Gatchina his prime residence, after experiencing a shock and stress of his father's assassination and the palace became known as 'The Citadel of Autocracy' after the Tsar's reactionary policies. He lived most of his time in Gatchina Palace. During his reign, Alexander III introduced major technological modernization in the Gatchina Palace and parks, such as electric lights, telephone network, non-freezing water pipes and modern sewage system. Nicholas II, the last Russian tsar, spent his youth in the Gatchina Palace. His mother, Empress Maria Fedorovna, widow of Alexander III, was the patron of the city of Gatchina and Gatchina Palace and parks. Ultima modificare efectuata de catre utzy la 05/12/2010 02:40, modificat de 1 data in total Sus utzy Administrator Data inscrierii: 02/Dec/2010 Mesaje: 26131 Trimis: 05/12/2010 02:39    Titlul subiectului: Gatchina Palace. Dressing-Room for Count Orlov, 1770s Sus utzy Administrator Data inscrierii: 02/Dec/2010 Mesaje: 26131 Trimis: 05/12/2010 02:41    Titlul subiectului: Gatchina Palace. Chesma Gallery for Grand-Duke Paul, in the Neoclassical style of the 1790s Sus utzy Administrator Data inscrierii: 02/Dec/2010 Mesaje: 26131 Trimis: 05/12/2010 02:42    Titlul subiectului: Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:22    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/13/800pxgatchinapalacenort.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:23    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/197/1167g.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:23    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/197/01e76af605609bxl.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:24    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/21/1142j.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:24    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/825/gatchinapalace4556.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:25    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/34/platz1x.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:26    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/694/platzt.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:26    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/546/20101016124738gatchinap.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:35    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/121/45842084.jpg/][/URL] Interior of Gatchina Palace near Saint Petersburg sursa : http://www.asergeev.com/pictures/k/Gatchina_palace.htm Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:35    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/17/48547300.jpg/][/URL] Marble Dining Room of Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:36    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/40/91689794.jpg/][/URL] White Hall of Gatchina Palace, side view Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:37    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/51/48329028.jpg/][/URL] Crimson Parlor, with visible door decorations, of Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:38    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/828/28839007.jpg/][/URL] Grand Sleeping Room in Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:42    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/829/69989881.jpg/][/URL] Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:42    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/829/69989881.jpg/][/URL] Corner of White Hall of Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:43    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/691/32796137.jpg/][/URL] Green Corner Parlor of Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:44    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/832/12911314.jpg/][/URL] Marble columns in Gatchina Palace near Saint Petersburg Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:44    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/339/44327794.jpg/][/URL] Passage from Pavel I Throne Room in Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:45    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/59/69148871.jpg/][/URL] A living room in Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:46    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/20/27523748.jpg/][/URL] Crimson Parlor (Malinovaya Gostinaya) of Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:46    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/196/55532721.jpg/][/URL] Pavel I Throne Room in Gatchina Palace Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:47    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/694/94736227.jpg/][/URL] Passage to White Hall Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 03/07/2011 14:48    Titlul subiectului: [URL=http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/31/57397380.jpg/][/URL] Green room with portraits in Gatchina Palace Sus utzy Administrator Data inscrierii: 02/Dec/2010 Mesaje: 26131 Trimis: 03/07/2011 19:30    Titlul subiectului: ramii uimit , cita frumusete si rafinanent izabel Sus Izabela_B16 Administrator Data inscrierii: 27/Noi/2010 Mesaje: 13724 Trimis: 04/07/2011 15:43    Titlul subiectului: intr-adevar utzy, toate palatele sunt minunate.....la asa decoruri trebuiau tinute cat mai frumoase si impodobite......cum si aveau tarii, tarinele, nobilimea rusa si toti cei de la curte..... 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